Research by law firm DLA Piper found EU data protection authorities have administered a total of $1.25 billion in fines over EU General Data Protection Regulation violations since Jan. 28, 2021, an increase from $180 million in 2020, CNBC reports. Partner Ross McKean said legal uncertainty around EU-U.S. data transfers are a major “headache” for organizations and more appeals of GDPR fines are anticipated this year. “GDPR has certainly been effective in making everyone sit up and listen to data protection law and data protection enforcement,” McKean said.