Members of European Parliament voted 306-27 with 231 abstentions to adopt a nonbinding opinion rejecting the proposed EU-U.S. Data Privacy Framework. The opinion called the DPF "an improvement" from its predecessor, the invalidated EU-U.S. Privacy Shield, but MEPs took issue with ongoing bulk data collection by U.S. foreign intelligence agencies and the lack of a "lawsuit-proof regime," among other outstanding issues. "There are still missing elements on judicial independence, transparency, access to justice, and remedies," Parliament Committee on Civil Liberties, Justice and Home Affairs Chair Juan Fernando López Aguilar said.