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Global AI Governance Law and Policy

Jurisdiction Overviews 2025

This article series, co-sponsored by HCLTech, analyzes the laws, policies, and broader contextual history and developments relevant to AI governance across different jurisdictions.

Last updated: July 2025

Contributor:

Joe Jones

Richard Sentinella

Heather Domin

Jurisdictions worldwide are designing and implementing artificial intelligence governance laws and policies commensurate to the velocity and variety of the risks and opportunities presented by AI-powered technologies. Since the first series in 2024, the state of AI policy worldwide has evolved with many jurisdictions staking their own path.

Articles in this series, co-sponsored by HCLTech, dive into the laws, policies, broader contextual history and developments relevant to AI governance across the world. The highlighted jurisdictions have made a mark on the global conversation around AI governance and provide for a small but important snapshot of distinct approaches to AI governance in key global markets.

Each article provides a breakdown of the key sources and instruments that govern the strategic, technological and compliance landscape for AI governance in the jurisdiction through voluntary frameworks, sectoral initiatives or comprehensive legislative approaches. Special care is taken to weave together how key areas, like intellectual property or agentic AI, provide unique challenges and opportunities. Agentic AI has been a new addition to the series, as it represents the newest frontier for how organizations can realize value out of this technology. Currently, few jurisdictions have rules specific to agentic AI, but instead rely on existing legal frameworks. Read about how agentic AI is changing how organizations think about AI governance.

Tracking, unpacking and governing the complex field of global AI governance law and policy has quickly become a top-tier strategic issue for organizations. The IAPP AI Governance Center will provide AI governance professionals with the content, resources, networking, training and certification needed to respond to the field’s complex risks. We welcome feedback and insights from the community of AI governance professionals.

The IAPP Resource Center additionally hosts an AI topic page, which updates regularly with the IAPP's latest news and resources. To explore AI policies across a broader range of countries, please check out IAPP’s Global AI Law and Policy Tracker.

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